Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 on Renal Health in Recovered Patients: a Multi-center Longitudinal Study

Laura Garazhayeva 1 * , Abduzhappar Gaipov 2, Almagul Kauysheva 3
More Detail
1 Department of Мedicine, Kazakhstan Medical University «KSPH», Almaty, Kazakhstan
2 Department of Мedicine, School of Medicine at the Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
3 Department of Public Health, Republican Public Association «Kazakhstan Alliance of Medical Organizations», Astana, Kazakhstan
* Corresponding Author
J CLIN MED KAZ, Volume 21, Issue 2, pp. 31-35. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/14566
OPEN ACCESS 440 Views 212 Downloads
Download Full Text (PDF)
Author Contributions: Conceptualization, L.G., A.G. and A.K.; methodology, L.G., A.G. and A.K.; validation, L.G., A.G. and A.K.; formal analysis, L.G., A.G. and A.K.; investigation, L.G., A.G. and A.K.; resources, L.G., A.G. and A.K.; data curation, L.G., A.G. and A.K.; writing – original draft preparation, L.G., A.G. and A.K.; writing – review and editing, L.G., A.G. and A.K.; visualization, L.G., A.G. and A.K.; supervision, L.G., A.G. and A.K. project administration, L.G., A.G. and A.K. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

ABSTRACT

The coronavirus pandemic of 2019 has become a global health problem. This article presents an analysis of the scientific literature focusing on the pathogenetic and clinical parallels between the kidneys and SARS-CoV-2, as well as the state of kidney health in patients who have recovered from treatment. The goal is to analyze the effects of COVID-19 on kidney health in recovered patients amid an unprecedented flow of scientific data. To achieve this goal, we analysed scientific databases to study the impact of COVID-19 on kidney health in recovered patients. The majority of patients infected with coronavirus had kidney damage, comorbidities, and insufficiency of many organs. Deterioration of kidney function after COVID-19 is observed not only in patients with urological diseases, but also in those patients who have not previously had kidney problems. Despite the fact that nephrologists have developed rapid response methods and defined emergency tactics for the management of patients with kidney damage in COVID-19, cases of kidney disease continue to increase, and the percentage of patients in intensive care units is increasing. For better medical outcomes, careful monitoring of renal function and early laboratory diagnostics to determine biochemical markers, both serum, and urine, in patients with COVID-19 and continuous monitoring of these indicators after recovery are recommended.

CITATION

Garazhayeva L, Gaipov A, Kauysheva A. Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 on Renal Health in Recovered Patients: a Multi-center Longitudinal Study. J CLIN MED KAZ. 2024;21(2):31-5. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/14566

REFERENCES

  • Higgins V, Sohaei D, Diamandis EP, Prassas I. COVID-19: from an acute to a chronic disease? Potential long-term health consequences. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2021;58(5):297-310. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408363.2020.1860895
  • Robbins-Juarez SY, Qian L, King KL, Stevens JS, Husain SA, Radhakrishnan J, et. al. Outcomes for Patients With COVID-19 and Acute Kidney Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Kidney Int Rep. 2020;5(8):1149-1160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2020.06.013
  • Soliman NA. COVID-19 infection and the kidneys: Learning the lesson. Journal of infection and public health. 2021;14(7):922-926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2021.05.010
  • Parums DV. Editorial: Long COVID, or Post-COVID Syndrome, and the Global Impact on Health Care. Med Sci Monit. 2021;27:e933446. https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.933446
  • Sherif ZA, Gomez CR, Connors TJ, Henrich TJ, Reeves WB; RECOVER Mechanistic Pathway Task Force. Pathogenic mechanisms of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). Elife. 2023;12:e86002. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.86002
  • Johnson KM, Belfer JJ, Peterson GR, Boelkins MR, Dumkow LE. Managing COVID-19 in Renal Transplant Recipients: A Review of Recent Literature and Case Supporting Corticosteroid-sparing Immunosuppression. Pharmacotherapy. 2020;40(6):517-524. https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2410
  • Liberali M, Sejdiu B, Napoli M, Minerva V, Semprini S, Dirani G, et. al. COVID-19 Infection: Viral Clearance and Antibody Response in Dialysis Patients and Renal Transplant Recipients. Nephron. 2021;145(4):363-370. https://doi.org/10.1159/000515128
  • Quintaliani G, Reboldi G, Di Napoli A, Nordio M, Limido A, Aucella F, et. al. Italian Society of Nephrology COVID-19 Research Group. Exposure to novel coronavirus in patients on renal replacement therapy during the exponential phase of COVID-19 pandemic: a survey of the Italian Society of Nephrology. J Nephrol. 2020;33(4):725-736. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40620-020-00794-1
  • Batlle D, Soler MJ, Sparks MA, Hiremath S, South AM, Welling PA, et. al. COVID-19 and ACE2 in Cardiovascular, Lung, and Kidney Working Group. Acute Kidney Injury in COVID-19: Emerging Evidence of a Distinct Pathophysiology. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2020;31(7):1380-1383. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2020040419
  • Braun F, Lütgehetmann M, Pfefferle S, Wong MN, Carsten A, Lindenmeyer MT, et. al. SARS-CoV-2 renal tropism is associated with acute kidney injury. Lancet. 2020;396(10251):597-598. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31759-1
  • Lumlertgul N, Pirondini L, Cooney E. Acute kidney injury prevalence, progression and long-term outcomes in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a cohort study. Ann. Intensive Care. 2021;11(123). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13613-021-00914-5
  • Billah M, Santeusanio A, Delaney V, Cravedi P, Farouk SS. A catabolic state in a kidney transplant recipient with COVID-19. Transpl Int. 2020 Sep;33(9):1140-1141. https://doi.org/10.1111/tri.13635
  • Sun J, Zhu A, Li H, Zheng K, Zhuang Z, Chen Z, et. al. Isolation of infectious SARS-CoV-2 from urine of a COVID-19 patient. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020;9(1):991-993. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/22221751.2020.1760144.
  • Diao B, Wang C, Wang R, Feng Z, Zhang J, Yang H, et. al. Human kidney is a target for novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):2506. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22781-1
  • Puelles VG, Lütgehetmann M, Lindenmeyer MT, Sperhake JP, Wong MN, Allweiss L, et. al. Multiorgan and Renal Tropism of SARS-CoV-2. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(6):590-592. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2011400
  • Su H, Yang M, Wan C, Yi LX, Tang F, Zhu HY, et. al. Renal histopathological analysis of 26 postmortem findings of patients with COVID-19 in China. Kidney Int. 2020;98(1):219-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.04.003
  • Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et. al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497-506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
  • Joannidis M, Forni LG, Klein SJ, Honore PM, Kashani K, Ostermann M, et. al. Lung-kidney interactions in critically ill patients: consensus report of the Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) 21 Workgroup. Intensive Care Med. 2020;46(4):654-672. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-019-05869-7
  • Varga Z, Flammer AJ, Steiger P, Haberecker M, Andermatt R, Zinkernagel AS, et. al. Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19. Lancet. 2020;395(10234):1417-1418. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30937-5
  • Ronco C, Reis T. Renal involvement in COVID-19 and rationale for extracorporeal therapies. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2020 Jun;16(6):308-310. doi: 10.1038/s41581-020-0284-7Soliman NA. COVID-19 infection and the kidneys: Learning the lesson. J Infect Public Health. 2021;14(7):922-926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2021.05.010
  • Pei G, Zhang Z, Peng J, Liu L, Zhang C, Yu C, et. al. Renal Involvement and Early Prognosis in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2020;31(6):1157-1165. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2020030276
  • Lippi G, South AM, Henry BM. Electrolyte imbalances in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Ann Clin Biochem. 2020;57(3):262-265. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004563220922255
  • De Carvalho H, Richard MC, Chouihed T, Goffinet N, Le Bastard Q, Freund Y, et. al. Electrolyte imbalance in COVID-19 patients admitted to the Emergency Department: a case-control study. Intern Emerg Med. 2021;16(7):1945-1950. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-021-02632-z
  • Sarwal A, Gomez E, Perez-Gutierrez V, Carlos A, Afzal A, Sivakumar M, et. al. Renal recovery after acute kidney injury in a minority population of hospitalised COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2022;101(11):e28995. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000028995
  • Dennis A, Wamil M, Alberts J, Oben J, Cuthbertson DJ, Wootton D, Crooks M, Gabbay M, Brady M, Hishmeh L, Attree E, Heightman M, Banerjee R, Banerjee A; COVERSCAN study investigators. Multiorgan impairment in low-risk individuals with post-COVID-19 syndrome: a prospective, community-based study. BMJ Open. 2021;11(3):e048391. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048391
  • Yuan J, Zou R, Zeng L, Kou S, Lan J, Li X, et. al. The correlation between viral clearance and biochemical outcomes of 94 COVID-19 infected discharged patients. Inflamm Res. 2020;69(6):599-606. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-020-01342-0