Identification of esophageal and stomach cancer risk factors among the population of Kazakhstan with the use of QCancer e-base calculator

Выявление факторов риска пищевода и желудка у населения Казахстана с использованием калькулятора электронной базы QCancer
Galiya Orazova 1 2, Leonid Karp 2, Gulnar Rakhimbekova 3, Anargul Nogayeva 4
More Detail
1 National Scientific Medical Research Center, Scientific Researches Management Department, Astana, Kazakhstan
2 Astana Medical University, Public Healthcare Department No1, Astana, Kazakhstan
3 Astana Medical University, Internal Diseases and Internship Department, Astana, Kazakhstan
4 National Scientific Medical Research Center, Postgraduate Education Center, Astana Kazakhstan
J CLIN MED KAZ, Volume 2, Issue 40, pp. 50-56. https://doi.org/10.23950/1812-2892-2016-2-50-56
OPEN ACCESS 3551 Views 2246 Downloads
Download Full Text (PDF)

ABSTRACT

Objective: Identify esophageal and stomach cancer risk factors among urban and rural population of Kazakhstan with the use of QCancer e-base calculator.
Methods. This work is a descriptive, cross-sectional, multisample, noninvasive study. In 2013-2014 we hold an opinion poll among Kazakhstan population jointly with the primary healthcare professionals in order to identify the primary symptoms and risk factors of esophageal and stomach cancer. Target of the research was the population (general population), i.e. persons, which are not registered with esophageal and stomach cancer (1112 respondents), as well as patients, which are under examination and treatment in oncological dispensaries with this oncopathology (403 respondents). For creation of the population profile we selected respondents at the age of 40-59 years.
Results. As of today, the most “affecting” risk factors of esophageal and stomach cancer among the population of Kazakhstan are nutrition disorders, then social habits and hereditary background. Distribution of the studied cohorts according to the risk degree allowed to identify the following regularities: proportion of persons with a high risk degree is considerably larger among males, than among females (р<0,05); proportion of persons with a high risk degree among persons in the 50-59 years old group is larger, than in the same group of 40-49 years old (р<0,05); among males, the proportion of persons with a high risk among urban and rural population is approximately similar. At the same time, share of rural females with a high risk degree considerably exceeds the share of urban females with a high risk.
Conclusion. Formation of persons group with the cancer development risk with the help of QCancer calculator allows to optimize further measures for prevention and early detection of esophageal and stomach cancer.
Keywords: esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, Kazakhstan, opinion poll, QCancer calculator

CITATION

Orazova G, Karp L, Rakhimbekova G, Nogayeva A. Identification of esophageal and stomach cancer risk factors among the population of Kazakhstan with the use of QCancer e-base calculator. Journal of Clinical Medicine of Kazakhstan. 2016;2(40):50-6. https://doi.org/10.23950/1812-2892-2016-2-50-56

REFERENCES

  • Ferlay J., Soerjomataram I., Dikshit R., Eser S. et al. Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012 // International Journal of Cancer. – 2015. – Vol. 136, №5. – Р. E359-E386.
  • Montgomery E.A., Basman F.T., Brennan P. et al. Oesophageal cancer // World Cancer Report. – 2014. – Р. 374-382.
  • Programma razvitija onkologicheskoj pomoshhi v Respublike Kazahstan na 2012-2016 gody (Oncological care development program in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2012-2016): utv. postanovleniem Pravitel’stva RK ot 29 marta 2012 goda, №366.
  • Zhylkajdarova A.Zh., Orazova G.U., Karp L.L., Dosahanov A.H. Jeffektivnost’ skriningovyh osmotrov na rannee vyjavlenie raka zheludka s tochki zrenija ego jepidemiologii (The effectiveness of screening examinations for early detection of stomach cancer in terms of epidemiology), Astana Medical Journal , 2014, No.4, pp. 57-63.
  • Joossens J.V., Hill M.J., Elliott P. et al. Dietary salt, nitrate and stomach cancer mortality in 24 countries. European Cancer Prevention (ECP) and the INTERSALT Cooperative Research Group // Int J Epidemiol. - 1996. - №25. - P. 494.
  • Tramacere I., La Vecchia C., Negri E. Tobacco smoking and esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma: a meta-analysis // Epidemiology. - 2011. - №22. - P. 344.
  • Langman M.J.S. Genetic influences upon gastric cancer frequency // Gastric carcinogenesis. - Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica, 1988. – P. 81-86.
  • Rathbone M., Rathbone B. Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer // Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Cancers. – Berlin, 2011. – P. 83-97.
  • de Castro, P. G., López, S. A., Carracedo, I. R., Higuero, G. A., Cáceres, A. N., Urgal, G. M., & Gil, G. P. (1999). [Cancer of the operated stomach: a descriptive study on the experience of the last 12 years]. Revista clinica espanola, 199(5), 264-269.
  • Fukayama M., Hayashi Y., Iwasaki Y., Chong J., Ooba Т., Takizawa Т., Koike M., Mizutani S., Miyaki M., Hirai K. EpsteinBarr virus-associated gastric carcinoma and Epstein-Barr virus infection of the stomach // Lab Invest.-1994.-Vol.71.-P.73-81.
  • Ron E. Ionizing radiation and cancer risk: evidence from epidemiology //Radiation research. – 1998. – Т. 150. – №. 5s. – С. S30-S41.
  • Leung W.K., Wu M.S., Kakugawa Y. et al. Screening for gastric cancer in Asia: current evidence and practice // The lancet oncology. – 2008. – Vol. 9, №3. – Р. 279-287.
  • Hamashima C., Shibuya D., Yamazaki H. et al. The Japanese guidelines for gastric cancer screening // Japanese journal of clinical oncology. – 2008. – Vol. 38, №4. – Р. 259-267.
  • Mizoue T., Yoshimura T., Tokui N. et al. Prospective study of screening for stomach cancer in Japan // Int J Cancer. - 2003. - №106. - Р. 103-107.
  • Hippisley-Cox Julia, Coupland Carol. Identifying patients with suspected gastro-oesophageal cancer in primary care: derivation and validation of an algorithm // British Journal of General Practice. - 2011. - Vol. 61, №592. - Р. 707-714.
  • Collins G.S., Altman D.G. Identifying patients with undetected gastro-oesophageal cancer in primary care: External validation of QCancer (Gastro-Oesophageal) // European Journal of Cancer. - 2013. - Vol. 49. - Р. 1040-1048.
  • Orazova G., Karp L., Dossakhanov A., et al. Some aspects of lifestyle as predictors of malignant neoplasms of upper gastrointestinal tract, J Clin Med Kaz, 2015, No.1(35), pp. 45-50.