Job satisfaction, burnout and turnover intention of nurses working in hospital during the pandemic COVID-19 in Turkey

Nukhet Bayer 1, Zehra Golbasi 1, Yasin Uzuntarla 2 * , Kamile Akarsu 3
More Detail
1 Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
2 Department of Health Management, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
3 Surgery of Nursing Department, Health Services Vocational School, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
* Corresponding Author
J CLIN MED KAZ, Volume 18, Issue 6, pp. 69-75. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/11347
OPEN ACCESS 2568 Views 2241 Downloads
Download Full Text (PDF)

ABSTRACT

Aim: The turnover intention due to low job satisfaction and burnout and the elimination of the negative effects it causes are of great importance during the pandemic COVID-19 particularly in some countries such as Turkey that public health is concerned, there has been an ongoing effort to improve its background and lack the number of nurses per capita. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between job satisfaction, burnout, and turnover intention in nurses working in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods: The descriptive research design was applied and conducted in a training and research hospital affiliated to the Ministry of Health in Ankara, Turkey. The subjects consisted of 251 nurses. The data were collected using the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Turnover Intention Scale. The Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis Variance test, and the Structural Equation Modeling were used to analyze the data. Results: Emotional exhaustion subscale had the greatest effect on turnover intention. An increase in job satisfaction score causes an average decrease on the turnover intention score. The low job satisfaction of the nurses who take care of COVID-19 diagnosed patients has been determined to have negative impact on their turnover intention and burnout. Conclusion: Job satisfaction, burnout, and turnover intention in nurses were examined and all of these factors were found to be moderate. However, in this study, the job satisfaction of the nurses in caring of patients with COVID-19 infection was lower than that of the nurses who did not.
Keywords: job satisfaction, burnout, turnover intention, nurses, COVID-19

CITATION

Bayer N, Golbasi Z, Uzuntarla Y, Akarsu K. Job satisfaction, burnout and turnover intention of nurses working in hospital during the pandemic COVID-19 in Turkey. J CLIN MED KAZ. 2021;18(6):69-75. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/11347

REFERENCES

  • WHO. World Health Organization Coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard 2021 [Available from: https://covid19.who.int/?gclid=Cj0KCQjw6-SDBhCMARIsAGbI7Ug8NzsdYJjUkfGwTkwOe5ONLdhB53CxY4vrK72ShR327KgZ7zYzj5caAq96EALw_wcB. / Accessed; October 17, 2021.
  • Cabrera MA, Karamsetty L, Simpson SA. Coronavirus and its implications for psychiatry: A rapid review of the early literature. Psychosomatics. 2020;61(6):607-15. doi: 10.1016/j.psym.2020.05.018
  • Lai CC, Shih TP, Ko WC, Tang HJ, Hsueh PR. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;55(3):105924. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105924
  • Zhang SX, Liu J, Afshar Jahanshahi A, Nawaser K, Yousefi A, Li J, et al. At the height of the storm: Healthcare staff's health conditions and job satisfaction and their associated predictors during the epidemic peak of COVID-19. Brain Behav. Immun. 2020;87:144-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.010
  • Çelik M, Yıldız B. Occupational commitment, identification and intention to leave of nurses: Public Sector and private sector comparison. Kastamonu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2018;20(2):47-57. doi:iibfdkastamonu.343309
  • Bakir B, Ozer M, Ozcan CT, Cetin M, Fedai T. The Association between burnout, and depressive symptoms in a Turkish military nurse sample. Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology. 2010;20:160-3.doi: 10.1080/10177833.2010.11790651
  • Leiter MP, Maslach C. Latent burnout profiles: A new approach to understanding the burnout experience. Burn. Res. 2016;3(4):89-100.doi:10.1016/j.burn.2016.09.001
  • Ross J. The exacerbation of burnout during COVID-19: A major concern for nurse safety. J Perianesth Nurs. 2020;35(4):439-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2020.04.001
  • Lo W-Y, Chien L-Y, Hwang F-M, Huang N, Chiou S-T. From job stress to intention to leave among hospital nurses: A structural equation modelling approach. J. Adv. Nurs. 2018;74(3):677-88. doi: 10.1111/jan.13481
  • Gillet N, Fouquereau E, Coillot H, Bonnetain F, Dupont S, Moret L, et al. Ethical leadership, professional caregivers' well-being, and patients' perceptions of quality of care in oncology. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2018;33:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2018.01.002
  • HSY. Health Statistics Yearbook The Ministry of Health of Turkey Health Statistics Yearbook 2018. [Available from: https://dosyasb.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/36164,siy2018en2pdf.pdf?0. / Accessed; September 17, 2021.
  • Chan ZCY, Tam WS, Lung MKY, Wong WY, Chau CW. A systematic literature review of nurse shortage and the intention to leave. J. Nurs. Manag.2013;21(4):605-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2012.01437.x.
  • Örücü E, Özafşarlioğlu S. The influence of organizational justice on the turnover intention: A study in the Republic of South Africa. Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Social Sciences Institute. 2013;10 (23):335-58.
  • Ergin C. Doktor ve Hemşirelerde Tükenmişlik ve Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeğin Uyarlanması. VII Ulusal Psikoloji Kongresi Bilimsel Çalışmaları El Kitabı. 1992:143-54.
  • Uzun LN, Mayda AS. Investigation of burnout levels in nurses according to different variables: Example of a universty hospital. Konuralp Med J. 2020;12(1):137-43. doi: 0.18521/ktd.493186
  • Kaçan CY, Örsal Ö, Köşgeroğlu N. Determination of job satisfaction levels among nurses. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi. 2016;18(2-3):1-12.
  • Kelleci M, Gölbaşı Z, Doğan S, Ata EE, Koçak E. The relationship of job satisfaction and burnout level with quality of life in hospital nurses. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal. 2011;33:144-52.
  • Çelik Y, Kiliç İ. The relationships between job satisfaction, professional burnout and quality of life in nurses. Kocatepe Medical Journal. 2019;20:230-8. doi: 10.18229/kocatepetip.444706
  • Aytekin A, Yilmaz Kurt F. Factors affecting the job satisfaction of nurses working in the neonatal intensive care unit. Journal of Dr Behcet Uz Children's Hospital. 2014;4(1):51-8. doi: 10.5222/buchd.2014.051
  • Aksoy NM. Job satisfaction and affecting factors of surgical unit nurses of 3 different hospitals in a province in mediterranean region. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing. 2013;10(2):45-53.
  • Savitsky B, Radomislensky I, Hendel T. Nurses' occupational satisfaction during Covid-19 pandemic. Appl Nurs Res. 2021;59:151416. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2021.151416
  • Kebapci A, Akyolcu N. The effects of the work environment on nurse burnout in emergency department. Turk. J. Emerg. Med. 2011;11(2):59-67. doi: 10.5505/1304.7361.2011.43827
  • Özmen Z. An investigation into the burnout levels of nurses by means of maslach burnout inventory: A sample from Bursa Sevket Yilmaz education and research hospital nurses. Istanbul: T.C. Beykent Üniversitesi; 2016.
  • Lasebikan VO, Oyetunde MO. Burnout among nurses in a Nigerian General Hospital: Prevalence and associated factors. International Scholarly Research Network ISRN Nurs. 2012;2012:402157. doi: 10.5402/2012/402157
  • Kelly LA, Gee PM, Butler RJ. Impact of nurse burnout on organizational and position turnover. Nurs Outlook. 2021;69(1):96-102. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2020.06.008
  • Rudman A, Arborelius L, Dahlgren A, Finnes A, Gustavsson P. Consequences of early career nurse burnout: A prospective long-term follow-up on cognitive functions, depressive symptoms, and insomnia. EClinicalMedicine. 2020;27:100565. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100565
  • Woo T, Ho R, Tang A, Tam W. Global prevalence of burnout symptoms among nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Psychiatr. Res. 2020;123:9-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.12.015
  • Janeway D. The Role of psychiatry in treating burnout among nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic. J Radiol Nurs. 2020;39(3):176-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jradnu.2020.06.004
  • Khasne RW, Dhakulkar BS, Mahajan HC, Kulkarni AP. Burnout among healthcare workers during COVID-19 Pandemic in India: Results of a questionnaire-based survey. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2020;24(8):664-71. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23518
  • Roelen CA, Mageroy N, van Rhenen W, Groothoff JW, van der Klink JJ, Pallesen S, et al. Low job satisfaction does not identify nurses at risk of future sickness absence: results from a Norwegian cohort study. Int. J. Nurs. Stud. 2013;50(3):366-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.09.012
  • Haydari SM, Kocaman G, Tokat MA. A survey on the intention of the nurses’ of different generations to leave their job and profession and their organizational and professional commitment. Journal of Health and Nursing Management. 2016;3(3):119-31. doi:10.5222/SHYD.2016.119
  • Zhang L-F, You L-M, Liu K, Zheng J, Fang J-B, Lu M-M, et al. The association of Chinese hospital work environment with nurse burnout, job satisfaction, and intention to leave. Nurs Outlook. 2014;62(2):128-37. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2013.10.010
  • Labrague, LJ, de los Santos, J. Fear of COVID-19, psychological distress, work satisfaction and turnover intention among frontline nurses. J Nurs Manag. 2021; 29: 395– 403. doi: 10.1111/jonm.13168
  • Torun T, Çavuşoğlu H. Examining burnout and job satisfaction of nurses working in pediatric units. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing. 2018;15(2):71-80. doi: 10.5222/HEAD.2018.071
  • Al-Hamdan Z, Manojlovich M, Tanima B. Jordanian nursing work environments, intent to stay, and job satisfaction. J. Nurs. Scholarsh. 2017;49(1):103-10. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12265
  • Koy V, Yunibhand J, Angsuroch Y, Fisher M. Relationship between nursing care quality, nurse staffing, nurse job satisfaction, nurse practice environment, and burnout: Literature review. Int J Res Med Sci. 2015:1825-31.doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20150288
  • Chen M-F, Ho C-H, Lin C-F, Chung M-H, Chao W-C, Chou H-L, et al. Organisation-based self-esteem mediates the effects of social support and job satisfaction on intention to stay in nurses. J. Nurs. Manag. 2016;24(1):88-96. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12276.
  • Zhang B, Xiong S-C, Jiang H-B, Qiu Z-Y. Mediating effect of job satisfaction between professional identity and turnover intention in nurses. Chin. J. Clin. Psychol. 2016;24 (6):1123– 5. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0258387
  • Satoh M, Watanabe I, Asakura K. Occupational commitment and job satisfaction mediate effort–reward imbalance and the intention to continue nursing. Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2017;14(1):49-60. doi: 10.1111/jjns.12135
  • Li X, Zhang Y, Yan D, Wen F, Zhang Y. Nurses' intention to stay: The impact of perceived organizational support, job control and job satisfaction. J. Adv. Nurs. 2020;76(5):1141-50. doi: 10.1111/jan.14305