The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Psychoeducation on Automatic Thinking, Pain Beliefs, and Pain Coping of Nursing Students with Dysmenorrhea: a Quasi-Experimental Study

Arzu Yüksel 1, Emel Bahadır Yılmaz 2 * , İlknur Gökşin 3
More Detail
1 Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
2 Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
3 Department of Gynaecolocy & Obstetrics Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
* Corresponding Author
J CLIN MED KAZ, Volume 21, Issue 2, pp. 41-46. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/14491
OPEN ACCESS 673 Views 505 Downloads
Download Full Text (PDF)
Author Contributions: Conceptualization, A.Y., E.B.Y. and İ.G.; methodology, A.Y., E.B.Y. and İ.G.; validation, A.Y., E.B.Y. and İ.G.; formal analysis, A.Y.; investigation, A.Y. and İ.G.; resources, A.Y., E.B.Y. and İ.G.; data curation, A.Y., E.B.Y. and İ.G.; writing – original draft preparation, E.B.Y.; writing – review and editing, A.Y., E.B.Y. and İ.G.; visualization, A.Y., E.B.Y. and İ.G.; supervision, A.Y.; project administration, A.Y.; funding acquisition, A.Y., E.B.Y. and İ.G. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

ABSTRACT

Aim: Dysmenorrhea has a high prevalence among university students and affects important aspects of daily activity, psychological health, quality of life, and academic performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mindfulness-based psychoeducation program on automatic thinking, pain beliefs and coping of nursing students with dysmenorrhea.
Material and methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study using a nonrandomized control group pretest and posttest design. The study included 72 nursing students with primary dysmenorrhea. The experimental group received psychoeducation for 75 minutes per week for nine sessions. Data were collected using the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire, Pain Beliefs Questionnaire, and Pain Coping Inventory.
Results: The automatic thinking, organic pain beliefs, and passive pain coping total scores in the experimental group significantly decreased after program compared with those in the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant increase in psychological pain beliefs and active pain coping total scores in the experimental group (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: These findings indicate that the program was effective in addressing automatic thinking, pain beliefs and coping of nursing students with dysmenorrhea. The mindfulness-based psychoeducation program can be easily applied to students suffering from dysmenorrhea.
Keywords: dysmenorrhea, mindfulness, psychoeducation, automatic thinking, pain beliefs, pain coping

CITATION

Yüksel A, Bahadır Yılmaz E, Gökşin İ. The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Psychoeducation on Automatic Thinking, Pain Beliefs, and Pain Coping of Nursing Students with Dysmenorrhea: a Quasi-Experimental Study. J CLIN MED KAZ. 2024;21(2):41-6. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/14491

REFERENCES

  • Bernardi, M., Lazzeri, L., Perelli, F., Reis, F. M., Petraglia, F. Dysmenorrhea and related disorders. F1000Research 2017;6:1645. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.11682.1
  • Kizilirmak, A., Kartal, B., Calpbinici, P. Prevalence of dysmenorrhea in young women and their coping methods. Medicine Science 2019;8(2):291-295. https://doi.org/10.5455/medscience.2018.07.8937
  • Sharghi, M., Mansurkhani, S.M., Ashtary-Larky, D., Kooti, W., Niksefat, M., Firoozbakht, M., et al. An update and systematic review on the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. JBRA Assisted Reproduction 2019;23(1):51-57. https://doi.org/10.5935/1518-0557.20180083
  • Mavrelos, D., Sarıdogan, E. Treatment options for primary and secondary dysmenorrhea. Prescribing in Practice 2017;28(11):18-25. https://doi.org/10.1002/psb.1624
  • Abu-Helwa, H.A., Mitaeb, A.A., Al-Hamshri, S., & Sweileh, W.M. Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and predictors of its pain intensity among Palestinian female university students. BMC Women’s Health 2018;18:18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-018-0516-1
  • Ameade, E.P.K., Amalba, A., & Mohammed, B.S. Prevalence of dysmenorrhea among university students in Northern Ghana; its impact and management strategies. BMC Women’s Health 2018;18:39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-018-0532-1
  • Derseh, B.T., Afessa, N., Temesgen, M., Semayat, Y.W., Kassaye, M., Sieru, S., et al. Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its effects on school performance: a crosssectional study. Journal of Women's Health Care 2017;6(2):1000361. https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000361
  • Hashim, R., Alkhalifah, S.S., Alsalman, A.A., Alfaris, D.M., Alhussaini, M.A., Qasim, R.S., et al. Prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea and its effect on the quality of life amongst female medical students at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Medical Journal 2020;41(3):283-289. https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2020.3.24988
  • Hailemeskel, S., Demissie, A., Assefa, N. Primary dysmenorrhea magnitude, associated risk factors, and its effect on academic performance: evidence from female university students in Ethiopia. International Journal of Womens Health 2016;8:489-496. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S112768
  • Orhan, C., Toprak-Çelenay, Ş., Demirtürk, F., Özgül, S., Üzelpasacı, E., Akbayrak, T. Effects of menstrual pain on the academic performance and participation in sports and social activities in Turkish university students with primary dysmenorrhea: A case control study. The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research 2018;44(11):2101-2109. https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.13768
  • Yılmaz, B., Şahin, N. Bir hemşirelik fakültesi öğrencilerinin primer dismenore sıklığı ve menstrual tutumları. Mersin Universitesi Saglık Bilimleri Dergisi 2019;12(3):426-438. https://doi.org/10.26559/mersinsbd.508609 (in Turkish)
  • Dönmez, S., Gümüşsoy, S. Premenstrual syndrome in nursing students and the affecting factors. Kocaeli Medical Journal 2019;8(2):38-45.
  • Karabulutlu, Ö. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin dismenore yaşama durumları ve dismenore ile baş etmeye yönelik uygulamaları. Caucasian Journal of Science 2020;7(1):28-41. (in Turkish)
  • Fernández-Martínez, E., Abreu-Sánchez, A., Pérez-Corrales, J., Ruiz-Castillo, J., Velarde-García, J.F., Palacios-Ceña, D. Living with pain and looking for a safe environment: a qualitative study among nursing students with dysmenorrhea. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020;17(18):6670. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186670
  • Al-Zahrani, A., Alabdulaziz, H., Alghamdi, F. The Impact of dysmenorrhea on academic performance among female nursing students at King Abdulaziz University. Journal of Nursing and Health Science 2018;7(6):1-7.
  • Kuşaslan-Avcı, D., Sarı, E. Üniversite öğrencilerinde dismenoreye yaklaşım ve dismenorenin sosyal yaşam ve okul performansına etkisi. Van Medical Journal 2018;25(2):188-193. https://doi.org/10.5505/vtd.2018.65807 (in Turkish)
  • Şahin, S., Kaplan, S., Abay, H., Akalın, A., Demirhan, İ., Pınar, G. Üniversite öğrencilerinde dismenore yaşama sıklığı ve etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi. Ankara Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2015;4(1-2-3):25-43.
  • Kural, M., Noor, N.N., Pandit, D., Joshi, T., Patil, A. Menstrual characteristics and prevalence of dysmenorrhea in college going girls. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 2015;4(3):426-431. https://doi.org/10.4103/2249-4863.161345
  • Hollon, S.D., Kendal, P.C. Cognitive self-statements in depression: Development of an automatic thought questionnaire. Cognitive Therapy and Research 1980;4(4):383-395.
  • Aydın, G., Aydın, O. Olumsuz otomatik düşünceler ölçeğinin geçerliği ve güvenirliği. Psikoloji Dergisi 1990;24(7):51-55. (in Turkish)
  • Edwards, L.C., Pearce, C.A., Turner-Stokes, L., Jones, A. The pain beliefs questionnaire: an investigation of beliefs on the causes and consequences of pain. Pain 1992;51:267-272.
  • Sertel-Berk, H.Ö. Kronik ağrı yaşantısı ve ağrı inançları: ağrı inançları ölçeğinin Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Unpublished Doctorate Thesis. İstanbul: İstanbul University, 2006. (in Turkish)
  • Kraaimaat, F.W., Evers, A.W. Pain-coping strategies in chronic pain patients: psychometric characteristics of the pain-coping inventory (PCI). International Journal of Behavioral Medicine 2003;10(4):343–363.
  • Hocaoğlu, A., Sertel-Berk, H.Ö., Ketenci, A. Ağrıyla başetme envanteri’nin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Ağrı 2019;31(1):32–41. (in Turkish)
  • Yılmaz, B., Sahin, N. The effects of a dysmenorrhea support program on university students who had primary dysmenorrhea: A randomized controlled study. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2020;33(3):285-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2019.12.008
  • Kirca, N., Sis Celik, A. The effect of yoga on pain level in primary dysmenorrhea. Health Care Women Int 2023;44(5):601-620. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2021.1958818
  • Hassan, S.I., Gouda, A.M.I., El-Monshed, A.H., Abd-Ella, N.Y. Effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on depression, anxiety, stress, achievement, and coping strategy among young female students with primary dysmenorrhea. Egyptian Journal of Health Care 2021;12(2):1383-1395.
  • Hiçdurmaz, D., Öz, F. Interpersonal sensitivity, coping ways and automatic thoughts of nursing students before and after a cognitive-behavioral group counseling program. Nurse Educ Today 2016;36:152-158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2015.09.006
  • Başoğul, C., Aydın-Özkan, S., Karaca, T. The effects of psychoeducation based on the cognitive‐behavioral approach on premenstrual syndrome symptoms: A randomized controlled trial. Perspectives Psychiatr Care 2020;56(3):515-522. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12460
  • Sohrabi, Z., Dortaj, F. The effectiveness of mindfulness training on the fear of negative evaluation and automatic thoughts in female students. International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences 2020;7(1), 11-23.
  • Elvery, N., Jensen, M.P., Ehde, D.M., Day, M.A. Pain catastrophizing, mindfulness, and pain acceptance: What’s the difference? The Clinical of Journal Pain 2017;33(6):485-495. https://doi.org/10.1097/AJP.0000000000000430
  • Payne, M.A., Seidman, L.C., Romero, T., Sim, M.S. An open trial of a mind–body ıntervention for young women with moderate to severe primary dysmenorrhea. Pain Medicine 2020;21(7):1385–1392. https://doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnz378
  • Ball, E.F., Sharizan, E.N.S.M., Franklin, G., Rogozińska, E. Does mindfulness meditation improve chronic pain? A systematic review. Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology 2017;29(6):359-366. https://doi.org/10.1097/GCO.0000000000000417
  • Asgari, S., Alimoardi, Z., Soleimani, M.A., Allen, K.A., Bahrami, N. The effect of psychoeducational intervention, based on self-regulation model on menstrual distress in adolescents: A protocol of a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2020;21:747. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04629-z
  • Borji-Navan, S., Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandab, S., Esmailpour, K., Mirghafourvand, M., Ahmadian-Khooinarood, A. Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for premenstrual syndrome: A randomized-controlled trial. BMC Womens Health 2022;22(1):5. https://doi.org/ 10.1186/s12905-021-01589-7