Three-year prevalence of measles antibody seropositivity at a tertiary care hospital in Turkey

Ayfer Bakir 1 * , Muhammed Furkan Kurkcu 2, Mustafa Guney 2, Fatime Yildiz 1, Mehmet Tevfik Yavuz 2
More Detail
1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
2 Department of Medical Microbiology, Gülhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
* Corresponding Author
J CLIN MED KAZ, Volume 18, Issue 1, pp. 23-27. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/9584
OPEN ACCESS 1608 Views 1473 Downloads
Download Full Text (PDF)

ABSTRACT

Objective: Measles virus is an unsegmented, single-stranded and negative-polarized RNA virus belonging to Morbillivirus genus in Paramyxoviridae family in the order of Mononegavirales. This study aimed to evaluate measles antibody seropositivity proportions in different age groups from different geographical regions within three years. 
Material and methods: This retrospective study, IgM and IgG antibodies specific to measles were detected in serum samples with enzyme immunoassay method. Measles IgG antibody seroprevalence was calculated by correlating all data with demographic variables.
Results: Median age of patients included in the study was 27 years and while 352 (44.4%) were male. Seropositivity rate of measles IgG antibody was 87.1%. Seropositivity in the age group of 0-18 was 77.7%  (p = 0.002). IgG seropositivity rates were 82.8%, 88.8% and 90.7% between 2017 and 2019 respectively (p = 0.05).  Seropositivity rate of IgM antibody in all cases was 11.1% and the highest rate was detected in the age group of 0-18 (13.5%) (p = 0.09). IgM antibody seropositivity rate was determined most in the winter months (23.8%) (p < 0.001). While measles IgM positivities were 10.6% and 21.1% in Turkish and foreign patients respectively IgG positivities were 86.9% and 92.3% (p = 0.32, p = 1.00 respectively). Measles IgG seropositivity was the highest in patients living in Aegean region (96.8%). 
Conclusions: In conclusion, measles IgG seropositivity was 87.1% in this study. This rate was lower in pediatric age group. Increasing regional seroprevalence studies may help enhancement efforts on vaccination program to reach and sustain high population immunity. 
Keywords: enzyme immuno assay, measles, measles IgG, seropositivity, Turkey

CITATION

Bakir A, Kurkcu MF, Guney M, Yildiz F, Yavuz MT. Three-year prevalence of measles antibody seropositivity at a tertiary care hospital in Turkey. J CLIN MED KAZ. 2021;18(1):23-7. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/9584

REFERENCES

  • Paramyxoviridae - Mononegavirales - International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) [Internet]. [cited 2020 Jun 11]. Available from: https://talk. ictvonline.org/ictv-reports/ictv_online_report/negative-sense-rna-viruses/monone gavirales/w/ paramyxoviridae.
  • Rota PA, Moss WJ, Takeda M, de Swart RL, Thompson KM, Goodson JL. Measles. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016; 2:16049. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2016.49
  • Leung AK, Hon KL, Leong KF, Sergi CM. Measles: a disease often forgotten but not gone. Hong Kong Med J. 2018; 24(5):512-520. https://doi.org/10.12809/hkmj187470
  • Holzmann H, Hengel H, Tenbusch M, Doerr HW. Eradication of measles: remaining. challenges. Med Microbiol Immunol. 2016; 205(3):201‐208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00430-016-0451-4
  • Xerri T, Darmanin N, Zammit MA, Fsadni C. Complications of measles: a case series. BMJ Case Rep. 2020; 13(2):e232408. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-232408
  • Patterson MC. Neurological Complications of Measles (Rubeola). Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2020; 20(2):2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-020-1023-y
  • Ferrari MJ, Grais RF, Bharti N, Conlan AJ, Bjørnstad ON, Wolfson LJ, et al. The dynamics of measles in sub-Saharan Africa. Nature. 2008; 451(7179):679-684. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06509
  • Yang Q, Fu C, Dong Z, Hu W, Wang M. The effects of weather conditions on measles incidence in Guangzhou, Southern China. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014; 10(4):1104-1110. https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.27826
  • Measles [Internet]. [cited 2020 Jun 11]. Available from: https://www. who.int/ news-room/fact sheets/detail/measles
  • Karaayvaz S, Oğuz MM, Beyazova U, Korukluoğlu G, Coşgun Y, Güzelküçük Z, et al. Evaluation of measles immunity in Turkey: is it still a threat? Turk J Med Sci. 2019; 49(1):336-340. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-1809-1854
  • Bellini WJ, Helfand RF. The challenges and strategies for laboratory diagnosis of measles in an international setting. J Infect Dis. 2003; 187(1):S283-S290. https://doi.org/10.1086/368040
  • Rota PA, Featherstone DA, Bellini WJ. Molecular epidemiology of measles virus. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2009; 330:129-150. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70617-5_7
  • Moss WJ, Griffin DE. Global measles elimination. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2006; 4(12):900-908. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro1550
  • Measles | Serology | Lab Tools | CDC [Internet]. [cited 2020 Jul 28]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/measles/lab-tools/serology.html
  • Taşcıoğlu U. Measles Outbreak İn Madagascar [in Turkish]. ESTÜDAM Halk Sağlığı Dergisi. 2019; 4:259-267.
  • Sencer DJ, Dull HB, Langmuir AD. Epidemiologic basis for eradication of measles in1967. Public health reports. 1967; 82(3):253-256. PMID: 4960501
  • WHO | Measles – Global situation [Internet]. [cited 2020 Jun 11]. Available from: https://www.who.int/csr/don/26-november-2019-measles-global_situation/en/
  • WHO | New measles surveillance data for 2019 [Internet]. [cited 2020 Jun 11]. Available from: https://www.who.int/immunization/newsroom/measles-data-2019/en
  • Emek M, Islek D, Atasoylu G, Ozbek OA, Ceylan A, Acikgoz A, et al. Association between seroprevalence of measles and various social determinants in the year following a measles outbreak in Turkey. Public Health. 2017; 147:51-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2017.01.026
  • Alp E, Cevahir F, Gökahmetoglu S, Demiraslan H, Doganay M. Prevaccination screenin of health-care workers for immunity to measles, rubella, mumps, and varicella in a developing country: What do we save? J Infect Public Health. 2012; 5(2):127-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2011.11.003
  • Cılız N, Gazi H, Ecemiş T, Şenol Ş, Akçalı S, Kurutepe S. Seroprevalance of Measles, Rubella, Mumps, Varicella, Diphtheria, Tetanus and Hepatitis B in Healthcare Workers [in Turkish]. Klimik Dergisi. 2013; 26:26-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.02.018
  • Çelik S, Çelik N, Gültekin A, Yüksel FO, Kara S, İçağasıoğlu FD, et al. Prevalence of Age-Spesific Measles, Mumps and Rubella in School Children Aged Between 9-16 Years in Sivas [in Turkish]. Çocuk Dergisi. 2011; 11:108–113.
  • Dilli D, Dallar Y, Önde U, Doğan F, Yağci S. Measles, Rubella, Mumps, and Varicella Seroprevalence Among Adolescents [in Turkish]. Çocuk Dergisi. 2008; 8:172-178.
  • Gür E. Vaccine hesitancy - vaccine refusal [in Turkish]. Turk Pediatri Ars. 2019; 54(1):1-2. https://doi.org/10.14744/TurkPediatriArs.2019.79990
  • Dotevall L. The return of measles to Europe highlights the need to regain confidence in immunisation. Acta Paediatrica. 2019; 108(1):8–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.14621
  • Report of the sage workıng group on vaccıne hesıtancy 12 November 2014. [2020 Jun 11]. Available from: https://www.who.int/immunization /sage/meetings/2014/ october/ SAGE_working_ group_ revised_report_ vaccine_hesitancy.pdf?ua=1
  • Çalişkan D, Piyal B, Akdur R, Ocaktan ME, Yozgatligil C. An analysis of the incidence of measles in Turkey since 1960. Turk J Med Sci. 2019; 46(4):1101‐1106. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-1503-62
  • Güriş D, Bayazit Y, Ozdemirer U, Buyurgan V, Yalniz C, Toprak I, et al. Measles epidemiology and elimination strategies in Turkey. J Infect Dis. 2003; 187(1):S230-S234. https://doi.org/10.1086/368115
  • The Mınıstry of Health of Turkey Health Statıstıcs Yearbook 2018. [2020 Jun 11]. Available from: https://dosyasb.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/36164,siy2018en2pdf.pdf?0
  • Türkkan NÖ, Önal ZE, Sağ Ç, Akıcı N, Gürbüz T, Nuhoğlu Ç. Evaluation of Measles Cases Considering Demographic Features, Disease Morbidity and Mortality [in Turkish]. Haydarpasa Numune Med J. 2017; 57(2):83-88. https://doi.org/10.14744/hnhj.2017.66376
  • Moss WJ. Measles. Lancet. 2017; 390(10111):2490-2502. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31463-0